Electronic Stability Control (ESC) systems were introduced in the mid 1990’s to improve vehicle stability at the limits of adhesion. By monitoring driver intent and actual vehicle motion with steer angle, yaw rate, lateral acceleration, and brake pressure sensors, the ESC electronics determine the differences between driver intent and actual vehicle response. If required, the electronics command brake actuation to adjust the brake pressures at the proper wheels and request engine torque adjustments to reduce the understeer or oversteer condition. In addition to the standard ABS and Traction Control features (which helps control wheel spin during acceleration), the ESC system provides improved stability, security and reduces the driver’s burden when unexpected road conditions or steering responses occur.